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| Co-Chairs |
Australia
Commodore Sam Bateman AM, RAN (Retd)
Co-chair
CSCAP Maritime Cooperation Working Group
Centre for Maritime Policy
University of Wollongong
Northfields Avenue
WOLLONGONG NSW 2500
Tel: + 61 2 4221-4716
Fax: +61 2 4226-5544
Email: sam_bateman@uow.edu.au
Indonesia
Rear Admiral R.M. Sunardi (Retd)
PT Kuarternita Adidarma
Jalan Gunung Sahari II/6B
JAKARTA 10610
Tel: +62 21 384-4469
Fax: + 62 21 380-4941
Email:
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| Background |
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The Working
Group on Maritime Cooperation is one of the most important
second-track activities concerning maritime security matters
in the region. It has had nine meetings, and produced
five volumes of edited papers and a CSCAP Memorandum on
Guidelines for
Regional Maritime Cooperation. It has remained
very conscious of its objectives, and has adhered to a
perspective plan designed to meet those objectives. Its
edited volumes comprise an essential set of reference
material for any informed discussion of maritime cooperation
in the Asia Pacific region; they are widely cited in both
the academic literature on Asia Pacific security and official
forums.
The objectives
of the Working Group were defined in November 1994 (in
preparation for the second meeting of the CSCAP Steering
Committee in Kuala Lumpur in December 1994) as being:
- to foster maritime cooperation
and dialogue among the states of the Asia Pacific
region and enhance their ability to manage and use
the maritime environment without prejudicing the interests
of each other;
- to develop an understanding
of regional maritime issues and the scope they may
provide for cooperation and dialogue;
- to contribute to a stable
maritime regime in the Asia Pacific region which will
reduce the risk of regional conflict;
- to undertake policy-oriented
studies on specific regional maritime security problems;
- to promote particular
maritime confidence and security building measures;
and promote adherence to the principles of the 1982
UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
Its initial
meetings focused on maritime CSBMs, maritime surveillance
and information sharing, marine scientific and technological
research, marine resources, marine environmental conservation,
and law and order at sea (especially piracy). Its work
on CSBMs resulted in publication of CSCAP Memorandum No.4
on Guidelines for
Regional Maritime Cooperation in December 1997.
In June 1997,
at its third meeting in Bangkok, the group began work
on regional oceans management and security, central themes
from which have been pursuied in accordance with an 'action
plan' for work on the 'objectives and principles of good
oceans management' drawn up at the fifth meeting in Kuala
Lumpur in November 1998. The work on 'good oceans management'
is 'directed towards the building of law and order at
sea, and covers safe movement of shipping and resource
exploitation at sea, maritime crime, maritime pollution,
and instruments for dispute settlement. The sixth meeting
of the group, in Hanoi in August 1999, was devoted to
'good oceans governance', and the papers prepared for
the meeting were published by CSCAP Vietnam in September
1999.
The seventh
meeting, in Wollongong in November 1999, was organised
jointly with the Working Group on Transnational Crime,
and addressed issues involving maritime crime and law
and order at sea.
The eighth
meeting, in Manila in July 2000, finalised the CSCAP Memorandum
No.5: Cooperation for Law and Order at Sea, which
was approved at the 14th CSCAP Steering Committee in Manilla
in December 2000, and has since been circulated.
With regard
to future activities, the Working Group on Maritime Cooperation
plans to focus on issues in the marginal seas of East
Asia. Jurisdictional problems in these seas are a source
of tension and potential conflict in the region, the resolution
of which requires a range of maritime confidence-building
and preventive-diplomacy measures. Following completion
of the CSCAP Memorandum on Cooperation for Law and
Order at Sea, the group intends to develop a prospective
CSCAP Memorandum on The Law of the Sea in the Asia
Pacific Region.
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| Meetings |
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| Date |
Place |
Subject/Comments |
| 1. |
2-3
June 1995 |
Kuala
Lumpur |
Covered
a broad range of subjects, including maritime security and
defence, maritime CSBMs, shipping, marine environment, and
marine science.
Papers published in Same Bateman and Stephen Bates (eds),
Calming the Waters:
Initiatives for Asia Pacific Maritime Cooperation
(1996). |
| 2. |
16-17
April 1996 |
Kuala
Lumpur |
Subjects
included naval cooperation, marine scientific and environmental
matters, shipping and marine safety, and resolution of marine
resources and boundary disputes.
Papers published in Sam Bateman and Stephen Bates (eds),
The Seas Unite: Maritime
Cooperation in the Asia Pacific Region (1996). |
| 3. |
30
May-1 June 1997 |
Bangkok |
Regional
oceans management and security. Reviewed draft of CSCAP
Memorandum No.4.
Papers published in Sam Bateman and Sephen Bates (eds),
Regional Maritime
Management and Security (1998). |
| 4. |
19
November 1997 |
Tokyo |
Shipping
and seaborne trade.
Papers published in Sam Bateman and Stephen Bates (eds),
Shipping and Regional
Security (1998). |
| 5. |
17-18
November 1998 |
Kuala
Lumpur |
Topics
covered included regimes for managing regional seas and
oceans, existing regional maritime cooperation arrangements,
law and order at sea, international instruments, environmental
issues, and incidents at sea agreements. Also agreed on
an 'action plan' for work on 'objectives and principles
of good oceans management'.
Papers published in Sam Bateman (ed.), Maritime Cooperation
in the Asia-Pacific Region: Current Situation and Prospects
(1999). |
| 6. |
24-25
August 1999 |
Hanoi |
Objectives
and principles of good oceans governance. |
| 7. |
6-9
November 1999 |
Wollongong |
Joint
meeting with WG/TNC. Maritime crime and law and order at
sea. |
| 8. |
25-26
July 2000 |
Manila |
Finalised
the draft CSCAP Memorandum on Cooperation for Law and
Order at Sea. |
| 9. |
19-21
November 2000 |
Beijing |
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| 10. |
31
May - 1 June 2001 |
Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia |
"Understanding
the Law of the Sea in the Asia Pacific" - Objectives
of the meeting included reviewing maritime security developments
in the region, including new initiatives for naval and maritime
cooperation; study of issues related to a common understanding
of the Law of the Sea and state practice in the Asia-Pacifid;
and discussion of the content of a possible CSCAP Memorandum
on a Common Understanding of the Law of the Sea in the Asia-Pacific. |
| 11. |
18-19
February 2002 |
Seoul,
South Korea |
Topics
covered include Sea Lines of Communication (SLOCs) and
Regional Security, Maritime Terrorism and Piracy, Regional
Coast Guard Cooperation, Maritime CBMs.
Draft (20 May 2002) CSCAP Memorandum No. 6 on The Practice
of the Law of the Sea in the Asia Pacific. |
| 12. |
10-11
December 2002 |
Singapore |
Topics
covered included Shipping, Port and Container Security;
Cooperation and Confidence-Building in the Bay of Bengal
and Andaman Sea; Conventional Naval Arms Acquisitions;
Recent developments with the Maritime Confidence-Building |
| 13. |
7-9
September 2003 |
Manila |
Facilitating
the Security of Shipping and Seaborne Trade in the Asia
Pacific |
| 14. | .
26-27 May 2004 |
Hanoi,
Vietnam |
Details
of this meeting are attached.
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| Publications |
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Books
Sam Bateman and Stephen Bates (eds),
Calming the Waters: Initiatives for Asia Pacific Maritime Cooperation,
Canberra Papers on Strategy and Defence No.114 (Strategic
and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University,
Canberra, 1996).
Sam Bateman and Stephen Bates (eds),
The Seas Unite: Maritime Cooperation in the Asia Pacific Region,
Canberra Papers on Strategy and Defence No.118 (Strategic
and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University,
Canberra, 1996).
Sam Bateman and Stephen Bates (eds),
Regional Maritime Management and Security, Canberra Papers
on Strategy and Defence No.124 (Strategic
and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University,
Canberra, 1998).
Sam Bateman and Stephen Bates (eds),
Shipping and Regional Security, Canberra Papers on Strategy
and Defence No.129 (Strategic
and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University,
Canberra, 1998).
Sam Bateman (ed.), Maritime Cooperation
in the Asia-Pacific Region: Current Situation and Prospects,
Canberra Papers on Strategy and Defence No.132 (Strategic
and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University,
Canberra, 1999).
Objectives and Principles of Good
Governance: Proceedings of the Sixth Meeting of the CSCAP Maritime
Cooperation Working Group, Hanoi, 24-25 August 1999 (Institute
for International Relations, Hanoi, September 1999).
CSCAP Memoranda
No.4: Guidelines for Regional
Maritime Cooperation (December 1997).
No.5: Cooperation
for Law and Order at Sea (February 2001).
No. 6: The
Practice of the Law of the Sea in the Asia Pacific (December
2002).
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